The concept of blood pressure has been around for millennia, with ancient Chinese and Egyptian physicians noting the importance of the pulse
. However, the direct measurement of blood pressure evolved through several key inventions: - First Measurement (1733): The first published measurement of blood pressure was conducted by the English clergyman and scientist Stephen Hales in 1733. He famously inserted a brass tube into the artery of a horse and measured the height the blood rose in a vertical glass tube (over eight feet high).
- First Non-Invasive Device (1881): The first practical, non-invasive device for estimating blood pressure in humans, the sphygmomanometer, was invented by Austrian physician Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch in 1881. His initial design used a water-filled bulb pressed against an artery to stop the pulse and a mercury manometer to read the pressure.
- Modern Cuff (1896): Italian physician Scipione Riva-Rocci introduced a more user-friendly version in 1896 that utilized a cuff that wrapped around the arm, a design still familiar today.
- Systolic and Diastolic Readings (1905): The final major development for the modern manual method came in 1905 when Russian surgeon Nikolai Korotkoff introduced the auscultatory method, using a stethoscope to listen for characteristic sounds (now called Korotkoff sounds) to determine both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Since then, technology has advanced to include automated digital monitors and continuous monitoring systems, but the fundamental principles established by these pioneers remain central to blood pressure measurement.
Why the change in normal over the years!?
3 STEPS TO LOWER HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
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